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The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia, China, is undergoing a remarkable transformation, as documented in new images released by NASA on Monday.
The satellite images captured by the U.S. Geological Survey's Landsat satellites have revealed vast solar installations reshaping the desert landscape, part of China's ambitious effort to build a renewable energy powerhouse.
The project has been dubbed China's "solar great wall," with vast fields of photovoltaic panels now stretching across the dunes. Expected to be completed by 2030, the project will span 250 miles in length and 3 miles in width, with a maximum capacity of 100 gigawatts.
China's rapid expansion of solar power is a significant step in addressing global climate challenges. By June 2024, China accounted for 51 percent of the world's solar farm capacity, leading the globe in renewable energy generation, according to Global Energy Monitor's (GEM) Global Solar Power Tracker.
The Kubuqi project alone is expected to produce 180 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) annually by 2030, enough to power Beijing and beyond.
Beyond energy generation, the project has environmental and agricultural benefits. The solar panels slow desertification, reduce wind speeds and create shaded areas that preserve moisture. This makes it easier to grow grasses and crops, contributing to the greening of desert areas.
The solar farms are strategically placed in a sunlit, flat region south of the Yellow River, between Baotou and Bayannur.
Currently, about 5.4 gigawatts of capacity have been installed, and major installations, such as the Junma Solar Power Station, are already operational.
Junma, completed in 2019, resembles a galloping horse and holds a Guinness World Record for the largest image made from solar panels.
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