Time evolution of the atmospheric mass fraction (top) and semi-major axis (bottom) of a non-migrating (solid curves) and migrating planetary core with mass of 0.3 M⊕ (left: TRAPPIST-1 d [red], 1 h [blue]), 0.7 M⊕ (middle: 1 e), and 1 M⊕ (right: 1 b [red], 1 c [blue], 1 f [green], and 1 g [black]). A planetary core starts to migrate from 0.1 au (dashed ones) or 0.2 au (dash-dotted ones).
Recently, transmission spectroscopy in the atmospheres of the TRAPPIST-1 planets revealed flat and featureless absorption spectra, which rule out cloud-free hydrogen-dominated atmospheres. Earth-sized planets orbiting TRAPPIST-1 likely have either a clear or a cloudy/hazy hydrogen-poor atmosphere.
This may worth something:
How A.I. Could Help Find Alien Planets and Asteroids | Space
"These technologies are very important, especially for big data sets and especially in the exoplanet field," Giada Arney, an astrobiologist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, said in the statement . "Because the data we're going to get from future observations is going to be sparse and noisy. It's going to be really hard to understand. So using these kinds of tools has so much potential to help us."
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NASA has partnered with companies such as Intel, IBM and Google to develop advanced- machine-learning techniques . Every summer, NASA also brings technology and space innovators together for an eight-week program called Frontier Development Lab (FDL).
Planet-mass objects in extragalactic systems -- ScienceDaily
A University of Oklahoma research group is reporting the detection of extragalactic planet-mass objects in a second and third galaxy beyond the Milky Way after the first detection in 2018. With the existing observational resources, it is impossible to directly detect planet-mass objects beyond the Milky Way and to measure its rogue planetary population.
Members of the group include Xinyu Dai, associate professor in the Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, OU College of Arts and Sciences, with Ph.D. student Saloni Bhatiani and former postdoctoral researcher Eduardo Guerras.
Super-Strong Electric Forces May Have Helped Tiny Clumps of Dust Seed the Planets | Smart
During its early days, the solar system contained little more than gas and dust, whirling around a young, burning star. Eventually, some of those space specks began to clump together, forming larger and larger lumps that ultimately coalesced into the planets we know and love today.
That’s all great in theory, but scientists have long struggled to understand the forces that governed planetary formation. Now, a team of physicists may have figured out a crucial component of the recipe that cooked the planets up from scratch—by shaking a ton of very tiny glass beads and shooting them skyward.
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News | The Return to Venus and What It Means for Earth
'Nonsense' To Think Humans Will Ever Move To Nearby ExoEarth, Says Leading Planet Hunter
But first, astronomers have to find a bona fide extrasolar Earth, Santos told me in his office at Portugal's Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences.
Santos plans on using a powerful spectrograph at the European Southern Observatory's (ESO) Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile to do just that.
ESPRESSO, the Echelle Spectrograph for Rocky ExoPlanet and Stable Spectroscopic Observations, can detect a planet's periodic gravitational effect on its parent star down to 10-centimers per second. That is, a star's movement towards or away from us along our line of sight, down to centimeters per second.
Opinion | The Party That Ruined the Planet - The New York Times
No, the real revelation has been the utter depravity of the Republican Party. Essentially every elected or appointed official in that party has chosen to defend Trump by buying into crazy, debunked conspiracy theories. That is, one of America's two major parties is beyond redemption; given that, it's hard to see how democracy can long endure, even if Trump is defeated.
However, the scariest reporting I've seen recently has been about science, not politics. A new federal report finds that climate change in the Arctic is accelerating, matching what used to be considered worst-case scenarios . And there are indications that Arctic warming may be turning into a self-reinforcing spiral, as the thawing tundra itself releases vast quantities of greenhouse gases.
Scientists map a planet's global wind patterns for the first time, and it's not Earth --
Today, a paper published in Science documents for the first time the global wind circulation patterns in the upper atmosphere of a planet, 120 to 300 kilometers above the surface. The findings are based on local observations, rather than indirect measurements, unlike many prior measurements taken on Earth's upper atmosphere. But it didn't happen on Earth: it happened on Mars.
In 2016, Mehdi Benna and his colleagues proposed to the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) project team that they remotely reprogram the MAVEN spacecraft and its Natural Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) instrument to do a unique experiment. They wanted to see if parts of the instrument that were normally stationary could "swing back and forth like a windshield wiper fast enough," to enable the tool to gather a new kind of data.
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